Which financial statement summarizes revenues and expenses, resulting in net profit or loss over a period?

The Income Statement is the financial statement specifically designed to summarize a business's revenues and expenses over a certain period, ultimately resulting in a net profit or loss. This statement provides crucial insights into the company’s operational performance within that timeframe. It allows stakeholders to see how effectively the business is generating profit from its operations, by detailing all sources of income and the related costs incurred to generate that income.

In contrast, the Balance Sheet presents the company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time, giving a snapshot of its financial position rather than its performance over a period. The Cash Flow Statement, on the other hand, focuses on the inflows and outflows of cash within the business, tracking the liquidity over a specific period instead of detailing net profit or loss. Lastly, the Financial Position Statement is another term sometimes used for a balance sheet, further emphasizing its focus on financial standing rather than operational performance.